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如何查看 Linux 中所有正在運行的服務

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有許多方法和工具可以查看 Linux 中所有正在運行的服務。大多數管理員會在 System V（SysV）初始化系統中使用 service service-name status 或 /etc/init.d/service-name status，而在 systemd 初始化系統中使用 systemctl status service-name。

以上命令可以清楚地顯示該服務是否在伺服器上運行，這也是每個 Linux 管理員都該知道的非常簡單和基礎的命令。

如果你對系統環境並不熟悉，也不清楚系統在運行哪些服務，你會如何檢查？

是的，我們的確有必要這樣檢查一下。這將有助於我們了解系統上運行了什麼服務，以及哪些是必要的、哪些需要被禁用。

init（ 初始化 initialization 的簡稱）是在系統啟動期間運行的第一個進程。init 是一個守護進程，它將持續運行直至關機。

大多數 Linux 發行版都使用如下的初始化系統之一：

  • System V 是更老的初始化系統
  • Upstart 是一個基於事件的傳統的初始化系統的替代品
  • systemd 是新的初始化系統，它已經被大多數最新的 Linux 發行版所採用

什麼是 System V（SysV）

SysV（意即 System V） 初始化系統是早期傳統的初始化系統和系統管理器。由於 sysVinit 系統上一些長期懸而未決的問題，大多數最新的發行版都適用於 systemd 系統。

什麼是 Upstart 初始化系統

Upstart 是一個基於事件的 /sbin/init 的替代品，它控制在啟動時的任務和服務的開始，在關機時停止它們，並在系統運行時監控它們。

它最初是為 Ubuntu 發行版開發的，但其是以適合所有 Linux 發行版的開發為目標的，以替換過時的 System-V 初始化系統。

什麼是 systemd

systemd 是一個新的初始化系統以及系統管理器，它已成為大多數 Linux 發行版中非常流行且廣泛適應的新的標準初始化系統。systemctl 是一個 systemd 管理工具，它可以幫助我們管理 systemd 系統。

方法一：如何在 System V（SysV）系統中查看運行的服務

以下命令可以幫助我們列出 System V（SysV） 系統中所有正在運行的服務。

如果服務很多，我建議使用文件查看命令，如 less、more 等，以便得到清晰的結果。

# service --status-all
或
# service --status-all | more
或
# service --status-all | less

abrt-ccpp hook is installed
abrtd (pid  2131) is running...
abrt-dump-oops is stopped
acpid (pid  1958) is running...
atd (pid  2164) is running...
auditd (pid  1731) is running...
Frequency scaling enabled using ondemand governor
crond (pid  2153) is running...
hald (pid  1967) is running...
htcacheclean is stopped
httpd is stopped
Table: filter
Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source               destination
1    ACCEPT     all      ::/0                 ::/0                state RELATED,ESTABLISHED
2    ACCEPT     icmpv6    ::/0                 ::/0
3    ACCEPT     all      ::/0                 ::/0
4    ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:80
5    ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:21
6    ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:22
7    ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:25
8    ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:2082
9    ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:2086
10   ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:2083
11   ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:2087
12   ACCEPT     tcp      ::/0                 ::/0                state NEW tcp dpt:10000
13   REJECT     all      ::/0                 ::/0                reject-with icmp6-adm-prohibited

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source               destination
1    REJECT     all      ::/0                 ::/0                reject-with icmp6-adm-prohibited

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
num  target     prot opt source               destination

iptables: Firewall is not running.
irqbalance (pid 1826) is running...
Kdump is operational
lvmetad is stopped
mdmonitor is stopped
messagebus (pid  1929) is running...
 SUCCESS! MySQL running (24376)
rndc: neither /etc/rndc.conf nor /etc/rndc.key was found
named is stopped
netconsole module not loaded
Usage: startup.sh { start | stop }
Configured devices:
lo eth0 eth1
Currently active devices:
lo eth0
ntpd is stopped
portreserve (pid  1749) is running...
master (pid  2107) is running...
Process accounting is disabled.
quota_nld is stopped
rdisc is stopped
rngd is stopped
rpcbind (pid  1840) is running...
rsyslogd (pid  1756) is running...
sandbox is stopped
saslauthd is stopped
smartd is stopped
openssh-daemon (pid  9859) is running...
svnserve is stopped
vsftpd (pid 4008) is running...
xinetd (pid  2031) is running...
zabbix_agentd (pid 2150 2149 2148 2147 2146 2140) is running...

執行以下命令，可以只查看正在運行的服務：

# service --status-all | grep running

crond (pid 535) is running...
httpd (pid 627) is running...
mysqld (pid 911) is running...
rndc: neither /etc/rndc.conf nor /etc/rndc.key was found
rsyslogd (pid 449) is running...
saslauthd (pid 492) is running...
sendmail (pid 509) is running...
sm-client (pid 519) is running...
openssh-daemon (pid 478) is running...
xinetd (pid 485) is running...

運行以下命令以查看指定服務的狀態：

# service --status-all | grep httpd
httpd (pid 627) is running...

或者，使用以下命令也可以查看指定服務的狀態：

# service httpd status
httpd (pid 627) is running...

使用以下命令查看系統啟動時哪些服務會被啟用：

# chkconfig --list

crond           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
htcacheclean    0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
httpd           0:off   1:off   2:off   3:on    4:off   5:off   6:off
ip6tables       0:off   1:off   2:on    3:off   4:on    5:on    6:off
iptables        0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
modules_dep     0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
mysqld          0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
named           0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
netconsole      0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
netfs           0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:on    5:on    6:off
network         0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
nmb             0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
nscd            0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
portreserve     0:off   1:off   2:on    3:off   4:on    5:on    6:off
quota_nld       0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
rdisc           0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
restorecond     0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
rpcbind         0:off   1:off   2:on    3:off   4:on    5:on    6:off
rsyslog         0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
saslauthd       0:off   1:off   2:off   3:on    4:off   5:off   6:off
sendmail        0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
smb             0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
snmpd           0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
snmptrapd       0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
sshd            0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
udev-post       0:off   1:on    2:on    3:off   4:on    5:on    6:off
winbind         0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
xinetd          0:off   1:off   2:off   3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

xinetd based services:
        chargen-dgram:  off
        chargen-stream: off
        daytime-dgram:  off
        daytime-stream: off
        discard-dgram:  off
        discard-stream: off
        echo-dgram:     off
        echo-stream:    off
        finger:         off
        ntalk:          off
        rsync:          off
        talk:           off
        tcpmux-server:  off
        time-dgram:     off
        time-stream:    off

方法二：如何在 System V（SysV）系統中查看運行的服務

另外一種在 Linux 系統上列出運行的服務的方法是使用 initctl 命令：

# initctl list
rc stop/waiting
tty (/dev/tty3) start/running, process 1740
tty (/dev/tty2) start/running, process 1738
tty (/dev/tty1) start/running, process 1736
tty (/dev/tty6) start/running, process 1746
tty (/dev/tty5) start/running, process 1744
tty (/dev/tty4) start/running, process 1742
plymouth-shutdown stop/waiting
control-alt-delete stop/waiting
rcS-emergency stop/waiting
readahead-collector stop/waiting
kexec-disable stop/waiting
quit-plymouth stop/waiting
rcS stop/waiting
prefdm stop/waiting
init-system-dbus stop/waiting
ck-log-system-restart stop/waiting
readahead stop/waiting
ck-log-system-start stop/waiting
splash-manager stop/waiting
start-ttys stop/waiting
readahead-disable-services stop/waiting
ck-log-system-stop stop/waiting
rcS-sulogin stop/waiting
serial stop/waiting

方法三：如何在 systemd 系統中查看運行的服務

以下命令幫助我們列出 systemd 系統中所有服務：

# systemctl
  UNIT                                                                                     LOAD   ACTIVE SUB       DESCRIPTION                                                      
  sys-devices-virtual-block-loop0.device                                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/loop0                                 
  sys-devices-virtual-block-loop1.device                                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/loop1                                 
  sys-devices-virtual-block-loop2.device                                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/loop2                                 
  sys-devices-virtual-block-loop3.device                                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/loop3                                 
  sys-devices-virtual-block-loop4.device                                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/block/loop4                                 
  sys-devices-virtual-misc-rfkill.device                                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/misc/rfkill                                 
  sys-devices-virtual-tty-ttyprintk.device                                                 loaded active plugged   /sys/devices/virtual/tty/ttyprintk                               
  sys-module-fuse.device                                                                   loaded active plugged   /sys/module/fuse                                                 
  sys-subsystem-net-devices-enp0s3.device                                                  loaded active plugged   82540EM Gigabit Ethernet Controller (PRO/1000 MT Desktop Adapter)
  -.mount                                                                                  loaded active mounted   Root Mount                                                       
  dev-hugepages.mount                                                                      loaded active mounted   Huge Pages File System                                           
  dev-mqueue.mount                                                                         loaded active mounted   POSIX Message Queue File System                                  
  run-user-1000-gvfs.mount                                                                 loaded active mounted   /run/user/1000/gvfs                                              
  run-user-1000.mount                                                                      loaded active mounted   /run/user/1000                                                   
  snap-core-3887.mount                                                                     loaded active mounted   Mount unit for core                                              
  snap-core-4017.mount                                                                     loaded active mounted   Mount unit for core                                              
  snap-core-4110.mount                                                                     loaded active mounted   Mount unit for core                                              
  snap-gping-13.mount                                                                      loaded active mounted   Mount unit for gping                                             
  snap-termiusx2dapp-8.mount                                                              loaded active mounted   Mount unit for termius-app                                       
  sys-fs-fuse-connections.mount                                                            loaded active mounted   FUSE Control File System                                         
  sys-kernel-debug.mount                                                                   loaded active mounted   Debug File System                                                
  acpid.path                                                                               loaded active running   ACPI Events Check                                                
  cups.path                                                                                loaded active running   CUPS Scheduler                                                   
  systemd-ask-password-plymouth.path                                                       loaded active waiting   Forward Password Requests to Plymouth Directory Watch            
  systemd-ask-password-wall.path                                                           loaded active waiting   Forward Password Requests to Wall Directory Watch                
  init.scope                                                                               loaded active running   System and Service Manager                                       
  session-c2.scope                                                                         loaded active running   Session c2 of user magi                                          
  accounts-daemon.service                                                                  loaded active running   Accounts Service                                                 
  acpid.service                                                                            loaded active running   ACPI event daemon                                                
  anacron.service                                                                          loaded active running   Run anacron jobs                                                 
  apache2.service                                                                          loaded active running   The Apache HTTP Server                                           
  apparmor.service                                                                         loaded active exited    AppArmor initialization                                          
  apport.service                                                                           loaded active exited    LSB: automatic crash report generation                           
  aptik-battery-monitor.service                                                            loaded active running   LSB: start/stop the aptik battery monitor daemon                 
  atop.service                                                                             loaded active running   Atop advanced performance monitor                                
  atopacct.service                                                                         loaded active running   Atop process accounting daemon                                   
  avahi-daemon.service                                                                     loaded active running   Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack                                          
  colord.service                                                                           loaded active running   Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles                      
  console-setup.service                                                                    loaded active exited    Set console font and keymap                                      
  cron.service                                                                             loaded active running   Regular background program processing daemon                     
  cups-browsed.service                                                                     loaded active running   Make remote CUPS printers available locally                      
  cups.service                                                                             loaded active running   CUPS Scheduler                                                   
  dbus.service                                                                             loaded active running   D-Bus System Message Bus                                         
  postfix.service                                                                          loaded active exited    Postfix Mail Transport Agent
  • UNIT 相應的 systemd 單元名稱
  • LOAD 相應的單元是否被載入到內存中
  • ACTIVE 該單元是否處於活動狀態
  • SUB 該單元是否處於運行狀態（LCTT 譯註：是較於 ACTIVE 更加詳細的狀態描述，不同的單元類型有不同的狀態。）
  • DESCRIPTION 關於該單元的簡短描述

以下選項可根據類型列出單元：

# systemctl list-units --type service
  UNIT                               LOAD   ACTIVE SUB     DESCRIPTION                                                      
  accounts-daemon.service            loaded active running Accounts Service                                                 
  acpid.service                      loaded active running ACPI event daemon                                                
  anacron.service                    loaded active running Run anacron jobs                                                 
  apache2.service                    loaded active running The Apache HTTP Server                                           
  apparmor.service                   loaded active exited  AppArmor initialization                                          
  apport.service                     loaded active exited  LSB: automatic crash report generation                           
  aptik-battery-monitor.service      loaded active running LSB: start/stop the aptik battery monitor daemon                 
  atop.service                       loaded active running Atop advanced performance monitor                                
  atopacct.service                   loaded active running Atop process accounting daemon                                   
  avahi-daemon.service               loaded active running Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack                                          
  colord.service                     loaded active running Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles                      
  console-setup.service              loaded active exited  Set console font and keymap                                      
  cron.service                       loaded active running Regular background program processing daemon                     
  cups-browsed.service               loaded active running Make remote CUPS printers available locally                      
  cups.service                       loaded active running CUPS Scheduler                                                   
  dbus.service                       loaded active running D-Bus System Message Bus                                         
  fwupd.service                      loaded active running Firmware update daemon                                           
  getty@tty1.service                 loaded active running Getty on tty1                                                    
  grub-common.service                loaded active exited  LSB: Record successful boot for GRUB                             
  irqbalance.service                 loaded active running LSB: daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems                
  keyboard-setup.service             loaded active exited  Set the console keyboard layout                                  
  kmod-static-nodes.service          loaded active exited  Create list of required static device nodes for the current kernel

以下選項可幫助您根據狀態列出單位，輸出與前例類似但更直截了當：

# systemctl list-unit-files --type service

UNIT FILE                                  STATE   
accounts-daemon.service                    enabled 
acpid.service                              disabled
alsa-restore.service                       static  
alsa-state.service                         static  
alsa-utils.service                         masked  
anacron-resume.service                     enabled 
anacron.service                            enabled 
apache-htcacheclean.service                disabled
apache-htcacheclean@.service               disabled
apache2.service                            enabled 
apache2@.service                           disabled
apparmor.service                           enabled 
apport-forward@.service                    static  
apport.service                             generated
apt-daily-upgrade.service                  static  
apt-daily.service                          static  
aptik-battery-monitor.service              generated
atop.service                               enabled 
atopacct.service                           enabled 
autovt@.service                            enabled 
avahi-daemon.service                       enabled 
bluetooth.service                          enabled

運行以下命令以查看指定服務的狀態：

# systemctl | grep apache2
  apache2.service                                                                          loaded active running   The Apache HTTP Server

或者，使用以下命令也可查看指定服務的狀態：

# systemctl status apache2
● apache2.service - The Apache HTTP Server
   Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/apache2.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
  Drop-In: /lib/systemd/system/apache2.service.d
           └─apache2-systemd.conf
   Active: active (running) since Tue 2018-03-06 12:34:09 IST; 8min ago
  Process: 2786 ExecReload=/usr/sbin/apachectl graceful (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
 Main PID: 1171 (apache2)
    Tasks: 55 (limit: 4915)
   CGroup: /system.slice/apache2.service
           ├─1171 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           ├─2790 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start
           └─2791 /usr/sbin/apache2 -k start

Mar 06 12:34:08 magi-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Starting The Apache HTTP Server...
Mar 06 12:34:09 magi-VirtualBox apachectl[1089]: AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using 10.0.2.15. Set the 'ServerName' directive globally to suppre
Mar 06 12:34:09 magi-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Started The Apache HTTP Server.
Mar 06 12:39:10 magi-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Reloading The Apache HTTP Server.
Mar 06 12:39:10 magi-VirtualBox apachectl[2786]: AH00558: apache2: Could not reliably determine the server's fully qualified domain name, using fe80::7929:4ed1:279f:4d65. Set the 'ServerName' directive gl
Mar 06 12:39:10 magi-VirtualBox systemd[1]: Reloaded The Apache HTTP Server.

執行以下命令，只查看正在運行的服務：

# systemctl | grep running
  acpid.path                                                                               loaded active running   ACPI Events Check                                                
  cups.path                                                                                loaded active running   CUPS Scheduler                                                   
  init.scope                                                                               loaded active running   System and Service Manager                                       
  session-c2.scope                                                                         loaded active running   Session c2 of user magi                                          
  accounts-daemon.service                                                                  loaded active running   Accounts Service                                                 
  acpid.service                                                                            loaded active running   ACPI event daemon                                                
  apache2.service                                                                          loaded active running   The Apache HTTP Server                                           
  aptik-battery-monitor.service                                                            loaded active running   LSB: start/stop the aptik battery monitor daemon                 
  atop.service                                                                             loaded active running   Atop advanced performance monitor                                
  atopacct.service                                                                         loaded active running   Atop process accounting daemon                                   
  avahi-daemon.service                                                                     loaded active running   Avahi mDNS/DNS-SD Stack                                          
  colord.service                                                                           loaded active running   Manage, Install and Generate Color Profiles                      
  cron.service                                                                             loaded active running   Regular background program processing daemon                     
  cups-browsed.service                                                                     loaded active running   Make remote CUPS printers available locally                      
  cups.service                                                                             loaded active running   CUPS Scheduler                                                   
  dbus.service                                                                             loaded active running   D-Bus System Message Bus                                         
  fwupd.service                                                                            loaded active running   Firmware update daemon                                           
  getty@tty1.service                                                                       loaded active running   Getty on tty1                                                    
  irqbalance.service                                                                       loaded active running   LSB: daemon to balance interrupts for SMP systems                
  lightdm.service                                                                          loaded active running   Light Display Manager                                            
  ModemManager.service                                                                     loaded active running   Modem Manager                                                    
  NetworkManager.service                                                                   loaded active running   Network Manager                                                  
  polkit.service                                                                           loaded active running   Authorization Manager

使用以下命令查看系統啟動時會被啟用的服務列表：

# systemctl list-unit-files | grep enabled
acpid.path                                 enabled 
cups.path                                  enabled 
accounts-daemon.service                    enabled 
anacron-resume.service                     enabled 
anacron.service                            enabled 
apache2.service                            enabled 
apparmor.service                           enabled 
atop.service                               enabled 
atopacct.service                           enabled 
autovt@.service                            enabled 
avahi-daemon.service                       enabled 
bluetooth.service                          enabled 
console-setup.service                      enabled 
cron.service                               enabled 
cups-browsed.service                       enabled 
cups.service                               enabled 
display-manager.service                    enabled 
dns-clean.service                          enabled 
friendly-recovery.service                  enabled 
getty@.service                             enabled 
gpu-manager.service                        enabled 
keyboard-setup.service                     enabled 
lightdm.service                            enabled 
ModemManager.service                       enabled 
network-manager.service                    enabled 
networking.service                         enabled 
NetworkManager-dispatcher.service          enabled 
NetworkManager-wait-online.service         enabled 
NetworkManager.service                     enabled

systemd-cgtop 按資源使用情況（任務、CPU、內存、輸入和輸出）列出控制組：

# systemd-cgtop

Control Group                                              Tasks   %CPU   Memory  Input/s Output/s
/                                                              -      -     1.5G        -        -
/init.scope                                                    1      -        -        -        -
/system.slice                                                153      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/ModemManager.service                             3      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/NetworkManager.service                           4      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/accounts-daemon.service                          3      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/acpid.service                                    1      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/apache2.service                                 55      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/aptik-battery-monitor.service                    1      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/atop.service                                     1      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/atopacct.service                                 1      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/avahi-daemon.service                             2      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/colord.service                                   3      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/cron.service                                     1      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/cups-browsed.service                             3      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/cups.service                                     2      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/dbus.service                                     6      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/fwupd.service                                    5      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/irqbalance.service                               1      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/lightdm.service                                  7      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/polkit.service                                   3      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/repowerd.service                                14      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/rsyslog.service                                  4      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/rtkit-daemon.service                             3      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/snapd.service                                    8      -        -        -        -
/system.slice/system-getty.slice                               1      -        -        -        -

同時，我們可以使用 pstree 命令（輸出來自 SysVinit 系統）查看正在運行的服務：

# pstree
init-+-crond
     |-httpd---2*[httpd]
     |-kthreadd/99149---khelper/99149
     |-2*[mingetty]
     |-mysqld_safe---mysqld---9*[{mysqld}]
     |-rsyslogd---3*[{rsyslogd}]
     |-saslauthd---saslauthd
     |-2*[sendmail]
     |-sshd---sshd---bash---pstree
     |-udevd
     `-xinetd

我們還可以使用 pstree 命令（輸出來自 systemd 系統）查看正在運行的服務：

# pstree
systemd─┬─ModemManager─┬─{gdbus}
        │              └─{gmain}
        ├─NetworkManager─┬─dhclient
        │                ├─{gdbus}
        │                └─{gmain}
        ├─accounts-daemon─┬─{gdbus}
        │                 └─{gmain}
        ├─acpid
        ├─agetty
        ├─anacron
        ├─apache2───2*[apache2───26*[{apache2}]]
        ├─aptd───{gmain}
        ├─aptik-battery-m
        ├─atop
        ├─atopacctd
        ├─avahi-daemon───avahi-daemon
        ├─colord─┬─{gdbus}
        │        └─{gmain}
        ├─cron
        ├─cups-browsed─┬─{gdbus}
        │              └─{gmain}
        ├─cupsd
        ├─dbus-daemon
        ├─fwupd─┬─{GUsbEventThread}
        │       ├─{fwupd}
        │       ├─{gdbus}
        │       └─{gmain}
        ├─gnome-keyring-d─┬─{gdbus}
        │                 ├─{gmain}
        │                 └─{timer}

方法四：如何使用 chkservice 在 systemd 系統中查看正在運行的服務

chkservice 是一個管理系統單元的終端工具，需要超級用戶許可權。

# chkservice

要查看幫助頁面，請按下 ? ，它將顯示管理 systemd 服務的可用選項。

via: https://www.2daygeek.com/how-to-check-all-running-services-in-linux/

作者：Magesh Maruthamuthu 譯者：jessie-pang 校對：wxy

本文由 LCTT 原創編譯，Linux中國 榮譽推出

本文轉載來自 Linux 中國: https://github.com/Linux-CN/archive

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