在 CentOS 7.x / Fedora 21 上面體驗 PHP 7.0

在CentOS/Fedora上安裝PHP 7

讓我們來看看怎樣在CentOS 7和Fedora 21安裝PHP7。為了安裝PHP7，我們首先需要克隆php-src 倉庫。當克隆工作完成，我們再配置和編譯它。進行下一步之前，我們要確保已經在LInux系統下安裝了如下的組件，否則PHP編譯會返回錯誤中止。

• Git
• autoconf
• gcc
• bison

所有上面提到的要求可以使用Yum軟體包管理器安裝。以下一條命令即可完成：

yum install git autoconf gcc bison

準備好開始安裝PHP7了嗎？讓我們先創建一個PHP7目錄，作為你的當前工作目錄。

mkdir php7
cd php7

現在克隆php-src倉庫，在終端里運行下面的命令。

git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git

工作應該會在幾分鐘後完成，這裡是一個樣例輸出，你應該會在任務完成時看見。

[root@localhost php7]# git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git
Cloning into 'php-src'...
remote: Counting objects: 615064, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (127800/127800), done.
remote: Total 615064 (delta 492063), reused 608718 (delta 485944)
Receiving objects: 100% (615064/615064), 152.32 MiB | 16.97 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (492063/492063), done.

讓我們來配置，編譯PHP7，在終端運行下面的命令，開始配置工作：

cd php-src
./buildconf

下面是./buildconf命令的樣例輸出。

[root@localhost php-src]# ./buildconf
buildconf: checking installation...
buildconf: autoconf version 2.69 (ok)
rebuilding aclocal.m4
rebuilding configure
rebuilding main/php_config.h.in

使用下面的命令，繼續配置進程：

./configure 
--prefix=$HOME/php7/usr 
--with-config-file-path=$HOME/php7/usr/etc 
--enable-mbstring 
--enable-zip 
--enable-bcmath 
--enable-pcntl 
--enable-ftp 
--enable-exif 
--enable-calendar 
--enable-sysvmsg 
--enable-sysvsem 
--enable-sysvshm 
--enable-wddx 
--with-curl 
--with-mcrypt 
--with-iconv 
--with-gmp 
--with-pspell 
--with-gd 
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr 
--with-png-dir=/usr 
--with-zlib-dir=/usr 
--with-xpm-dir=/usr 
--with-freetype-dir=/usr 
--with-t1lib=/usr 
--enable-gd-native-ttf 
--enable-gd-jis-conv 
--with-openssl 
--with-mysql=/usr 
--with-pdo-mysql=/usr 
--with-gettext=/usr 
--with-zlib=/usr 
--with-bz2=/usr 
--with-recode=/usr 
--with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config

這會花去不少的時間，當完成後你應該會看到如下面的輸出：

creating libtool
appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool
Generating files
configure: creating ./config.status
creating main/internal_functions.c
creating main/internal_functions_cli.c
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php7.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands

運行下面的命令，完成編譯過程。

make

「make」命令的樣例輸出如下所示：

Generating phar.php
Generating phar.phar
PEAR package PHP_Archive not installed: generated phar will require PHP's phar extension be enabled.
clicommand.inc
directorytreeiterator.inc
directorygraphiterator.inc
pharcommand.inc
invertedregexiterator.inc
phar.inc

Build complete.
Don't forget to run 'make test'.

活兒幹完了，該安裝PHP7了，運行下面的命令安裝它。

make install

成功安裝的進程的樣例輸出應該像這樣：

[root@localhost php-src]# make install
Installing shared extensions:     /root/php7/usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/
Installing PHP CLI binary:        /root/php7/usr/bin/
Installing PHP CLI man page:      /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP CGI binary:        /root/php7/usr/bin/
Installing PHP CGI man page:      /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
Installing build environment:     /root/php7/usr/lib/php/build/
Installing header files:          /root/php7/usr/include/php/
Installing helper programs:       /root/php7/usr/bin/
program: phpize
program: php-config
Installing man pages:             /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
page: phpize.1
page: php-config.1
Installing PEAR environment:      /root/php7/usr/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar    - installed: 1.3.13
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.3.1
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4
[PEAR] XML_Util       - installed: 1.2.3
[PEAR] PEAR           - installed: 1.9.5
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /root/php7/usr/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /root/php7/usr/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
/root/php7/php-src/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin
ln -s -f /root/php7/usr/bin/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers:          /root/php7/usr/include/php/ext/pdo/

恭喜你，PHP7已經安裝在你的Linux系統上了。安裝完後，進入PHP7安裝文件里的sapi/cli裡面。

cd sapi/cli

驗證一下PHP的版本。

[root@localhost cli]# ./php -v
PHP 7.0.0-dev (cli) (built: Mar 28 2015 00:54:11)
Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0-dev, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies

總結

PHP 7也添加到了remi倉庫，這個即將到來的版本主要關注執行效率的提升，它的新特性致力於使PHP較好滿足現代編程的需求和趨勢。PHP 7.0將會有許多新的特性、丟棄一些老版本的東西。在接下來的日子裡，我們希望看到新特性和棄用功能的具體情況。希望你喜歡！

via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/install-php-7-centos-7-fedora-21/

作者：Aun Raza 譯者：wi-cuckoo 校對：wxy

本文由 LCTT 原創翻譯，Linux中國 榮譽推出

本文轉載來自 Linux 中國: https://github.com/Linux-CN/archive