在 CentOS 7.x / Fedora 21 上面体验 PHP 7.0

在CentOS/Fedora上安装PHP 7

让我们来看看怎样在CentOS 7和Fedora 21安装PHP7。为了安装PHP7，我们首先需要克隆php-src 仓库。当克隆工作完成，我们再配置和编译它。进行下一步之前，我们要确保已经在LInux系统下安装了如下的组件，否则PHP编译会返回错误中止。

• Git
• autoconf
• gcc
• bison

所有上面提到的要求可以使用Yum软件包管理器安装。以下一条命令即可完成：

yum install git autoconf gcc bison

准备好开始安装PHP7了吗？让我们先创建一个PHP7目录，作为你的当前工作目录。

mkdir php7
cd php7

现在克隆php-src仓库，在终端里运行下面的命令。

git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git

工作应该会在几分钟后完成，这里是一个样例输出，你应该会在任务完成时看见。

[root@localhost php7]# git clone https://git.php.net/repository/php-src.git
Cloning into 'php-src'...
remote: Counting objects: 615064, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (127800/127800), done.
remote: Total 615064 (delta 492063), reused 608718 (delta 485944)
Receiving objects: 100% (615064/615064), 152.32 MiB | 16.97 MiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (492063/492063), done.

让我们来配置，编译PHP7，在终端运行下面的命令，开始配置工作：

cd php-src
./buildconf

下面是./buildconf命令的样例输出。

[root@localhost php-src]# ./buildconf
buildconf: checking installation...
buildconf: autoconf version 2.69 (ok)
rebuilding aclocal.m4
rebuilding configure
rebuilding main/php_config.h.in

使用下面的命令，继续配置进程：

./configure 
--prefix=$HOME/php7/usr 
--with-config-file-path=$HOME/php7/usr/etc 
--enable-mbstring 
--enable-zip 
--enable-bcmath 
--enable-pcntl 
--enable-ftp 
--enable-exif 
--enable-calendar 
--enable-sysvmsg 
--enable-sysvsem 
--enable-sysvshm 
--enable-wddx 
--with-curl 
--with-mcrypt 
--with-iconv 
--with-gmp 
--with-pspell 
--with-gd 
--with-jpeg-dir=/usr 
--with-png-dir=/usr 
--with-zlib-dir=/usr 
--with-xpm-dir=/usr 
--with-freetype-dir=/usr 
--with-t1lib=/usr 
--enable-gd-native-ttf 
--enable-gd-jis-conv 
--with-openssl 
--with-mysql=/usr 
--with-pdo-mysql=/usr 
--with-gettext=/usr 
--with-zlib=/usr 
--with-bz2=/usr 
--with-recode=/usr 
--with-mysqli=/usr/bin/mysql_config

这会花去不少的时间，当完成后你应该会看到如下面的输出：

creating libtool
appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool
Generating files
configure: creating ./config.status
creating main/internal_functions.c
creating main/internal_functions_cli.c
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+
| License:                                                           |
| This software is subject to the PHP License, available in this     |
| distribution in the file LICENSE.  By continuing this installation |
| process, you are bound by the terms of this license agreement.     |
| If you do not agree with the terms of this license, you must abort |
| the installation process at this point.                            |
+--------------------------------------------------------------------+

Thank you for using PHP.

config.status: creating php7.spec
config.status: creating main/build-defs.h
config.status: creating scripts/phpize
config.status: creating scripts/man1/phpize.1
config.status: creating scripts/php-config
config.status: creating scripts/man1/php-config.1
config.status: creating sapi/cli/php.1
config.status: creating sapi/cgi/php-cgi.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.1
config.status: creating ext/phar/phar.phar.1
config.status: creating main/php_config.h
config.status: executing default commands

运行下面的命令，完成编译过程。

make

“make”命令的样例输出如下所示：

Generating phar.php
Generating phar.phar
PEAR package PHP_Archive not installed: generated phar will require PHP's phar extension be enabled.
clicommand.inc
directorytreeiterator.inc
directorygraphiterator.inc
pharcommand.inc
invertedregexiterator.inc
phar.inc

Build complete.
Don't forget to run 'make test'.

活儿干完了，该安装PHP7了，运行下面的命令安装它。

make install

成功安装的进程的样例输出应该像这样：

[root@localhost php-src]# make install
Installing shared extensions:     /root/php7/usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20141001/
Installing PHP CLI binary:        /root/php7/usr/bin/
Installing PHP CLI man page:      /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
Installing PHP CGI binary:        /root/php7/usr/bin/
Installing PHP CGI man page:      /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
Installing build environment:     /root/php7/usr/lib/php/build/
Installing header files:          /root/php7/usr/include/php/
Installing helper programs:       /root/php7/usr/bin/
program: phpize
program: php-config
Installing man pages:             /root/php7/usr/php/man/man1/
page: phpize.1
page: php-config.1
Installing PEAR environment:      /root/php7/usr/lib/php/
[PEAR] Archive_Tar    - installed: 1.3.13
[PEAR] Console_Getopt - installed: 1.3.1
[PEAR] Structures_Graph- installed: 1.0.4
[PEAR] XML_Util       - installed: 1.2.3
[PEAR] PEAR           - installed: 1.9.5
Wrote PEAR system config file at: /root/php7/usr/etc/pear.conf
You may want to add: /root/php7/usr/lib/php to your php.ini include_path
/root/php7/php-src/build/shtool install -c ext/phar/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin
ln -s -f /root/php7/usr/bin/phar.phar /root/php7/usr/bin/phar
Installing PDO headers:          /root/php7/usr/include/php/ext/pdo/

恭喜你，PHP7已经安装在你的Linux系统上了。安装完后，进入PHP7安装文件里的sapi/cli里面。

cd sapi/cli

验证一下PHP的版本。

[root@localhost cli]# ./php -v
PHP 7.0.0-dev (cli) (built: Mar 28 2015 00:54:11)
Copyright (c) 1997-2015 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.0.0-dev, Copyright (c) 1998-2015 Zend Technologies

总结

PHP 7也添加到了remi仓库，这个即将到来的版本主要关注执行效率的提升，它的新特性致力于使PHP较好满足现代编程的需求和趋势。PHP 7.0将会有许多新的特性、丢弃一些老版本的东西。在接下来的日子里，我们希望看到新特性和弃用功能的具体情况。希望你喜欢！

via: http://linoxide.com/linux-how-to/install-php-7-centos-7-fedora-21/

作者：Aun Raza 译者：wi-cuckoo 校对：wxy

本文由 LCTT 原创翻译，Linux中国 荣誉推出

本文转载来自 Linux 中国: https://github.com/Linux-CN/archive